CORRELATION OF SALIVARY PH, INCIDENCE OF DENTAL CARIES AND PERIODONTAL STATUS IN DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS: A CROSSSECTIONAL STUDY

Dr. Krishna Prasada L, Dr. Suhas K

Abstract


This study evaluated the salivary pH and incidence of dental caries and periodontal status in diabetes mellitus compared to normal subjects. Sample consisted of 40 patients divided into 2 groups, group I - 20 known diabetes mellitus patients (study group) and group II - 20 non diabetic subjects (control group). Salivary pH was determined using a saliva- check and dental caries and periodontal status by DMFT and PDI indices respectively. There was a decrease in the mean salivary pH of 6.51 in the study group. The mean DMFT index was higher in the study group (8.10) when compared to that of control group (1.15). The mean PDI score was also higher in the study group (4.0) as compared to that of the control group (0.45). Thus significant relationship was noted with increased incidence of dental caries and periodontitis and a significant reduction in the salivary pH in study group.


Keywords


Diabetes Mellitus, Dental Caries, Salivary biomarkers

Full Text:

PDF

References


International Diabetes Federation. IDF diabetes atlas update poster, 6th edn. brussels, belgium: international diabetes federation, 2014. Available from www. idf.org/diabetesatlas.

Devi TJ. Saliva-A Potential Diagnostic Tool. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 2014;13(2):52-57.

Baliga S, Mugilkar S, Kale R. Salivary pH: A diagnostic biomarker. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2013;17(4):461-65.

Lamster IB, Lalla E, Borgnakke WS, Taylor GW. The relationship between oral health and diabetes mellitus. J Am Dent Assoc. 2008;139(10 suppl):19S-24S.

Bangash RY, Khan AU, Tariq KM, Yousaf A. Oral aspects and complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus – a study. Pakistan Oral & Dental Journal. 2012;32(2):296-99.

Schipper R, Loof A, de Groot J, Harthoorn L, van Heerde W, Dransfield E. Salivary protein/peptide profiling with SELDI-TOF-MS. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007;1098:498–503.

Prathibha KM, et al. Evaluation of salivary profile among adult type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in South India, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2013;7(8):1592-95.

Goyal D, Kaur H, Jawanda MK, et al. Salivary pH and dental caries in diabetes mellitus. International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology. 2012;3(4):13-16.

Ciglar.I,Sutalo.J,Sjaljac-Staudt G, Bozikov J. Saliva as a risk factor for caries in diabetic patients. Acta Stomatol Croat. 1991;25(3);143-49.

Rai K, Hegde AM, Kamath A, Shetty S. Dental Caries and salivary alterations I Type 1 Diabetes. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2011;36(2):18-24.

Elkafri IH, Mashlah A, Shaqifa A. Relationship between blood glucose levels and salivary pH and buffering capacity in type II diabetes patients. East Mediterr Health J. 2014;20(2):139-45.

Iqbal S, Kazmi F, Asad S, Mumtaz M, Khan AA. Dental Caries & Diabetes mellitus. Pakistan Oral & Dental Journal. 2011;31(1).

Jawed M, Shahid SM, Qader SA, Azhar A. Dental caries in diabetes mellitus: role of salivary flow rate and minerals. J Diabetes Complications. 2011;25(3):183- 86.

Akpata ES , Alomari Q, Mojiminiyi OA, Al-Sanae H. Caries experience among children with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait. Pediatr Dent. 2012;34(7):468-72.

Collin HL, Uusitupa M, Niskanen L, Koivisto AM, Markkanen H, Meurman JH. Caries in patients with non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1998;85(6);680-85.

Alves C , Menezes R, Brandão M. Salivary flow and dental caries in Brazilian youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Indian J Dent Res. 2012;23(6):758-62.

Duarte PM, Bezerra JP, Miranda TS, Feres M, Chambrone L, Shaddox LM. Local levels of inflammatory mediators in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2014;41:11–18.

Pietropaoli D, Tatone C, D’Alessandro AM, Monaco A. Possible involvement of advanced glycation end products in periodontal diseases. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2010;23(3):683-91.

Kim J, Amar S. Periodontal disease and systemic conditions: a bidirectional relationship. Odontology. 2006;94(1):10–21.

Al-Maskari AY, Al-Maskari MY, Al-Sudairy S. Oral Manifestations and complications of diabetes mellitus A review. SQU Med J. 2011;11(2):179-86.

Popławska-Kita A, Siewko K, Szpak P, Król B, Telejko B, Klimiuk PA, et al. Association between type 1 diabetes and periodontal health. Adv Med Sci. 2014;59(1):126-31.

Takahashi N, Schachtele CF. Effect of pH on the growth and proteolytic activity of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Bacteroides intermedius. J Dent Res. 1990;69:1266–69.

Takahashi N, Saito K, Schachtele CF, Yamada T. Acid tolerance and acid-neutralizing activity of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 1997;12:323–28.

Fujikawa K, Numasaki H, Kobayashi M, Sugano N, Tomura S, Murai S. pH determination in human crevicular fluids. Examination of the pH meter and evaluation of the correlation between pH level and clinical findings or the microflora in each periodontal pocket. Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi. 1989;31:241–48.

Galgut PN. The relevance of pH to gingivitis and periodontitis. J Int Acad Periodontol. 2001;3:61–67.

Hurlbutt M, Novy B, Young D. Dental Caries: A pH-mediated disease. Canadian Dental Hygienists’ Association. Winter 2010.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.