THE INCIDENCE OF CARCINOMA THYROID - A CLINICO PATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION

Dr. T. Srinivasan, Dr. Prabhu H.

Abstract


BACKGROUND : Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malig¬nancy, accounting for ~2.1% of all cancer diagnoses worldwide, with ~77% of these diagnoses occurring in women1. Approximately 90% of all thyroid cancers are differentiated, meaning that they arise from thyroid follicular cells and are generally iodine-avid (that is, able to take up iodine). Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common histological type of differ¬entiated thyroid cancer, followed by follicular thyroid carcinoma2. Worldwide trends in thyroid cancer incidence have been largely driven by an increase in PTC as opposed to other major histological types3 . Thyroid malignancies are divided into-Well-differentiated Carcinomas of which papillary carcinomas (80%), follicular carcinomas (10%), modularly thyroid carcinomas (5-10%) are the most common types, and Undifferentiated anaplastic carcinomas are less (1-2%). Primary thyroid lymphomas and primary thyroid sarcomas are rare. The recent rise in incidence of thyroid swellings is also recorded in India and may be traced to the increased patient awareness and also due to increased specificity of the investigations (8).The availability of trained pathologist in the interpretation of the cytology picture has contributed to a sensitivity of the diagnosis especially for malignancies of thyroid gland (11).
METHODS : A prospective study was conducted at Coimbatore medical college hospital , Coimbatore. The study period is from June 2019 to December 2019 .The Study sample constituted 100 patients.
RESULTS : There is an increase in the incidence of Carcinoma thyroid cases by about 0.6%. There is a shift in Age distribution to a younger age in our study to 37yrs. Malignant neck node presentation has been observed in 5.35% of patients.


Keywords


Age and sex incidence, FNAC picture, Management strategies and follow-up, Radio-iodine treatment, Thyroglobulin assay, Well-differentiated Thyroid carcinoma.

Full Text:

PDF

References


. Ferlay, J. et al. GLOBOCAN 2012 v1.0, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC CancerBase No. 11. World Health Organization http://globocan. iarc.fr/Pages/summary_table_pop_prev_sel.aspx (2013).

Ron, E. & Schneider, A. B. in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention (eds Schottenfeld, D. & Fraumeni, J. F. Jr) 975–994 (Oxford University Press, 2006).

Kilfoy, B. A. et al. International patterns and trends in thyroid cancer incidence, 1973–2002. Cancer Causes Control 20, 525–531 (2009).

M. P. Curado, B. Edwards, H. R. Shin et al., Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, vol. 9 of IARC Scientific Publications, No. 160, IARC, Lyon, France, 2007.

B. A. Kilfoy, T. Zheng, T. R. Holford et

al., “International patterns and trends in thyroid cancer incidence, 1973–2002, ” Cancer Causes and Control, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 525–531, 2009. View at

Publisher • View at Google Scholar • View at Scopus

Jemal, R. Siegel, J. Xu, and E. Ward, “Cancer statistics, 2010,” CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 277–300, 2010. View at Publisher • View at Google Scholar • View at Scopus

Aschebrook-Kilfoy, E. L. Kaplan, B. C. Chiu, P. Angelos, and R. H. Grogan, “The acceleration in papillary thyroid cancer incidence rates is similar among racial and ethnic groups in the United States,”Annals of Surgical Oncology, 2013. View at Publisher • View at Google Scholar

L. Enewold, K. Zhu, E. Ron et al., “Rising thyroid cancer incidence in the United States by demographic and tumor characteristics, 1980–2005,” Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 784–791, 2009. View at Publisher • View at Google Scholar • View at Scopus

Kent, W. D. et al. Increased incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma and detection of subclinical disease. CMAJ 177, 1357–1361 (2007).

L. Houlden, R. L. George, and P. A. Groome, “Increased incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma and detection of subclinical disease,” Canadian Medical Association Journal, vol. 177, no. 11, pp. 1357–1361, 2007. View at Publisher • View at Google Scholar• View at Scopus

L. Davies and H. G. Welch, “Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in the United

States, 1973–2002,”Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 295, no. 18, pp. 2164–2167, 2006. View at Publisher• View at Google Scholar • View at Scopus

S. Grodski, T. Brown, S. Sidhu et al., “Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer is due to increased pathologic detec- tion,” Surgery, vol. 144, no. 6, pp. 1038– 1043, 2008. View at Publisher • View at Google Scholar • View at Scopus.

Rego-Iraeta, L. F. Pérez-Méndez, B. Mantinan, and R. V. Garcia-Mayor, “Time trends for thyroid cancer in northwestern spain: true rise in the incidence of micro and larger forms of papillary thyroid carcinoma,” Thyroid, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 333–340, 2009. View at Publisher • View at Google Scholar • View at Scopus

Y. Chen, A. Jemal, and E. M. Ward, “Increasing incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer in the United States, 1988– 2005,” Cancer, vol. 115, no. 16, pp. 3801– 3807, 2009. View at Publisher • View at Google Scholar • View at Scopus

Role of thyroid ultrasound in the diagnostic evaluation of thyroid nodules.Rago T1, Vitti P.

Ultrasound of thyroid nodules. Desser TS1, Kamaya A.Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2008 Aug;18(3):463-78, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2008.03.005


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.