CLINICO - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY IN PATIENTS WITH NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN VIZIANAGARAM, ANDHRA PRADESH.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic disease of Nervous system, with a prevalence of 50 million people worldwide, 50,000 deaths worldwide annually. Clinical manifestations of Neurocysticercosis are varied due to individual differences in the number, size, and topography of lesions and in the severity of the host‘s immune response to the parasites It is the major cause of young and adult onset epilepsy in tropical countries.
OBJECTIVES :To study the Demographic Profile and Clinical profile of Neurocysticercosis.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: This is a Prospective Type of study in tertiary Centre for a duration of one yr from June 2017 to May 2018 To study the Demographic Profile, Clinical profile of Neurocysticercosis. Based on revised criteria for the diagnosis of Neurocystecercosis, cases were separated into Definitive Cases, and Probable Cases of Neurocystecercos .Diagnostic criteria of neurocysticercosis was done based on Histological confirmation of parasite from biopsy of brain or spinal cord lesion .Cystic lesion showing the scolex on CT or MRI. Direct visualization of subretinal parasites on fundoscopy. Positive serum immunoelectrotransfer blot(EITB) for the detection of anticysticercal antibodies. Resolution of intracranial cystic lesions after therapy with albendazole. Spontaneous resolution of small single enhancing lesion. Clinical manifestations suggestive of NCC. Positive CSF enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
RESULTS: In the present study, Maximum number of patients encountered are in the age group of 21 to 30 yrs (31.11%), followed by 41-50 yrs(20.00%), and the mean age of cases was 32.8yrs. Of which 62% are male and 38% are female. 93%of cases have clinical presentation of seizures.
STUDY ON DEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL PROFILE ONEUROCYSTICERCOSIS
The Most common site Of lesion on Ct is in parietal lobe 58%, 31% frontal lobe, 24% multiple lobes. Pattern of seizures is simple partial in 51% cases,29% gtcs 11%complex partial . No of lesion seen On imaging are single in 60% cases, multiple lesions in 40% cases. All the 45 patients are Non-vegetarians, and only 8 patients(17.77%) were pork eaters.
CONCLUSIONS: Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infection of the brain.
Most common clinical manifestation is Seizures
Commonly presenting as Ring Enhancing lesion.
All cases of young and adult onset Epilepsy in Tropical countries should be evaluated for Neurocysticercosis.
Keywords
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