STUDY OF FACTORS INFLUENCING EARLY POST OPERATIVE MORBIDITY AFTER THYROIDECTOMY: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Abstract
Background: Thyroid disorders are the most common cause of metabolic disturbances with surgery as the mainstay treatment of many thyroid swellings. While complications following surgical removal of thyroid gland are rare, their consequences can often be debilitating & even life threatening. Patients who develop complications such as permanent hypocalcemia and RLN (Recurrent Laryngeal nerve) injury have a diminished quality of life and often require lifelong replacement therapy, further surgical procedures & rehabilitation. This study intend to assess the occurrence of various post operative complications following different thyroidectomy procedures & the role of adequate preoperative preparation for providing the patient with best chance of a satisfactory outcome.
Method: This is a descriptive observational study carried out between July 2017 and July 2019, on 60 consecutive cases who underwent thyroidectomy at a tertiary care centre.
Result: The average age of the participants who underwent thyroid surgery was 42.5167 years with a standard deviation of + 13.6649. Out of a total of 60 patients 48 were females corresponding to 80% of the study subjects; whereas males were 12 in number accounting for 20% of the study subjects showing predominantly female predisposition. Of the 60 patients, 17 had co-morbidities corresponding to 28.3% of the study subjects. Diffuse swelling of neck was the most common presenting complaint seen in 56.67% of patients. 56 patients were in Euthyroid state corresponding to 93.33%. Two patients each were hypothyroid and hyperthyroid state corresponding to 3.33% each. Total malignancies identified were 11 after histopathological examination after thyroidectomy. 9 patients had complications subsequent to the surgery. This corresponds to a rate of 15% of the study population. Hoarseness of the voice was athe commonest complication in the patients.
Conclusion: This study data revealed the rate of complications subsequent to thyroidectomy was 15%. Hoarseness of voice and hypocalcemic tetany are the common complications noted in post operative period. No rare complication was noted during the study.
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